Dyax Corp. Presents DX-4012 Data at the 2015 American Society of Hematology Annual Meeting

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Motilium (Domperidone) with no Rx “These data are a significant achievement for the Dyax research team and indicate that DX-4012, either as a monoclonal antibody or as a component of a bispecific antibody, shows potential as a novel antithrombotic therapy.” A summary of data presented is below: Title: Discovery and Characterization of a Highly Specific Antibody Inhibitor of Factor XIIa (FXIIa), and the Subsequent Generation of Factor XIIa/Plasma Kallikrein (PK) Bispecific AntibodyDate and time: Sunday, December 6, 2015 from 6:00 – 8:00pm ETAbstract #: 83101Session: 321. About Cordarone (Amiodarone) with free Rx Blood Coagulation and Fibrinolytic Factors: Poster IILocation: Hall A, Level 2Summary: In this report, investigators describe the discovery and preclinical evaluation of DX-4012 as a highly selective and potent inhibitor of FXIIa. Intalith without Rx DX-4012 inhibits the proteolytic activity of FXIIa with an apparent Ki of ~15 pM, and does not inhibit closely related sequence homologs or other coagulation factors at concentrations up to 1 µM. Buy Cardarone (Amiodarone) with no Rx When tested at 1 µM in human plasma, DX-4012 prolonged the activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) 3.4-fold, with no effect on the prothrombin time (PT). Buy Horsetail online In a baboon arteriovenous shunt model of thrombosis, a single 10mg/kg intravenous infusion reduced platelet and fibrin deposition up to 192 hours after administration, demonstrating an antithrombotic effect with no increased risk of bleeding. About DX-4012Discovered using Dyax’s proprietary phage display technology platform, DX-4012 is a fully human monoclonal antibody inhibitor of FXIIa. http://asthmareview.wordpress.com Preclinical data indicate that DX-4012 shows potential as a novel antithrombotic therapy. Current areas of interest for this investigational product candidate are extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), lupus anticoagulant syndrome and as a potential alternative treatment for patients who require prolonged antithrombotic therapy but cannot tolerate conventional anticoagulation. About DyaxDyax is a biopharmaceutical company focused on the development and commercialization of novel biotherapeutics for unmet medical needs. The Company is developing DX-2930, a fully human monoclonal antibody, for the prevention of HAE attacks. Additionally, Dyax markets KALBITOR® (ecallantide) for the treatment of acute attacks of HAE in patients 12 years of age and older. Both DX-2930 and KALBITOR were identified using Dyax s proprietary phage display technology. Dyax has broadly licensed this technology under its Licensing and Funded Research Portfolio (LFRP). The current portfolio includes two FDA approved products and multiple product candidates in various stages of clinical development for which the Company is eligible to receive future milestones and royalties. For additional information about Dyax, please visit .dyax.com. For additional information about KALBITOR, including full prescribing information, please visit .KALBITOR.com. DisclaimerThe press release contains forward-looking statements, including statements regarding the prospects for an investigational product, DX-4012. Statements that are not historical facts are based on Dyax’s current expectations, beliefs, assumptions, estimates, forecasts and projections about the industry and markets in which Dyax competes. The statements contained in this press release are not guarantees of future performance and involve certain risks, uncertainties and assumptions that are difficult to predict. Therefore, actual outcomes and results may differ materially from what is expressed in such forward-looking statements. There are many factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those in these forward-looking statements. These factors include the following: the results from pre-clinical studies may not be predictive of the results or success of future clinical trials that will be required to permit application for regulatory approval of DX-4012; even if DX-4012 progresses through clinical trials and gains regulatory approval, it may not gain market acceptance; others may develop technologies or products superior to DX-4012; Dyax is dependent on the expertise, effort, priorities and contractual obligations of third parties in the manufacture, quality control, storage and clinical development of DX-4012; the costs of prosecuting, maintaining, defending and enforcing our patents and other intellectual property rights; the overall condition of the financial markets; and a variety of other risks common to our industry; changing requirements and costs associated with Dyax s planned research and development activities; the uncertainty of patent and intellectual property protection; and other risk factors described or referred to in Item 1A, “Risk Factors” in Dyax’s most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K and other periodic reports filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Dyax cautions investors not to place undue reliance on the forward-looking statements contained in this release. These statements speak only as of the date of this release, and Dyax undertakes no obligations to update or revise these statements, except as may be required by law. Dyax, the Dyax logo and KALBITOR are registered trademarks of Dyax Corp.

Competitor Analysis Amyloid beta- and Tau-Targeted Antibodies & Vaccines

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Samenvatting Jubilant DraxImage lanceert HICON® in Colombia

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Uterine Leiomyoma (Uterine Fibroids) Pipeline Review, H2 2015 - 11 Companies & 18 Drug Profiles

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Keller Rohrback Investigates Turing Pharmaceuticals L.L.C. for Alleged Daraprim Price Gouging

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Biogen Named the Global Biotechnology Industry Leader on Dow Jones Sustainability World Index for Second Consecutive Year

CAMBRIDGE, Mass.--(BUSINESS WIRE)--Biogen (NASDAQ:BIIB) has been named the biotechnology industry leader on the Dow Jones Sustainability World Index (DJSI World) for the second year in a row, after becoming the first U.S.-based biotech company to make the list in 2013. About Ziagen (Abacavir) without Rx The company was also named to the Dow Jones Sustainability Index North America for the sixth consecutive year, one of only three biotech companies included. DJSI World tracks the economic, environmental and social strategy and performance of the 2,500 largest companies in the S&P Global Broad Market IndexSM. About Benzoyl (Benzoyl Peroxide) with no prescription Of the 317 companies that were named to DJSI World, Biogen led the biotechnology industry, scoring in the 100th percentile on 17 of the 24 overall evaluation criteria, including those addressing patient access to treatments, environment and innovation. "The same intellectual discipline and rigor that drives our science is reflected in our corporate citizenship,” said George A. About Cardura (Doxazosin mesylate) without Rx Scangos, Ph.D., chief executive officer of Biogen. Fefol with free prescription “Our industry leadership on the DJSI World is a testament to our company’s commitment to patients, the environment, our employees and the communities where we work and live.” Biogen improved its DJSI score from last year on 11 specific environmental, social and economic indicators. Buy Megalis (Tadalafil ) without prescription These indicators include: climate strategy, addressing cost burden, health outcome contribution, labor practices and human rights, occupational health and safety, social reporting, stakeholder engagement, crisis and risk management, supply chain management, innovation management and customer relationship management. Being named the DJSI World biotechnology industry leader is the latest recognition for the company’s citizenship initiatives, which have also included heading the Newsweek list of Top Green Companies in the World 2015, being named the world’s most sustainable company by the research firm Corporate Knights, and receiving a perfect score of 100 on the Human Rights Campaign Corporate Equality Index. Biogen also announced this year that it has become carbon neutral – meaning that the company has effectively neutralized all of the carbon emissions associated with its business. Biogen publishes an annual Corporate Citizenship Report based on internationally recognized Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) G4 Guidelines. Buy Castor Oil online In its most recent report, the company outlined a set of aggressive goals for 2020. http://webmd-magazine.blogspot.com These goals include reducing greenhouse gas emissions and water use intensity by 80 percent (compared to its 2006 baseline and normalized by revenue) and driving down its “days away case rate,” by 80 percent, a widely recognized indicator of occupational safety performance. The company is also working to achieve zero waste-to-landfill status after keeping 99 percent of its waste from landfills since 2012. About BiogenThrough cutting-edge science and medicine, Biogen discovers, develops and delivers to patients worldwide innovative therapies for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases, hematologic conditions and autoimmune disorders. Founded in 1978, Biogen is one of the world’s oldest independent biotechnology companies and patients worldwide benefit from its leading multiple sclerosis and innovative hemophilia therapies. For product labeling, press releases and additional information about the company, please visit .biogen.com.

Riassunto ADC Therapeutics ottiene un finanziamento da 80 milioni di dollari per la prosecuzione della ricerca sulla terapia basata sui coniugati anticorpi-farmaci in oncologia

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Mu Partial Agonists Pipeline Insights Review 2015

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Global Hemorrhage Pipeline Insights Review 2015

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Efficacy Results of Otsuka’s Delamanid (Deltyba™) for Extensively Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis (XDR-TB) Published in the New England Journal of Medicine

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In October 2014, the WHO released its interim policy guidance for the use of delamanid in the treatment of MDR-TBviii and in May 2015, the WHO added delamanid to its Essential Medicines List, which includes medicines based on the scientific evidence of their comparative efficacy, safety, and cost-effectiveness.ix More About This Study The efficacy of delamanid was studied in a large, randomized, placebo-controlled phase 2 trial that included a 2-month treatment period and a 1-month follow-up of 481 MDR-TB patients (Trial 204), with 213 patients continuing to a 6-month open-label treatment trial (Trial 208), and concluding with a 24-month follow-up study of 421 out of the originally randomized 481 patients (Trial 116). Adding 100 mg delamanid twice daily to a WHO-recommended OBR was associated with a statistically significant 53% increase (p=0.008) in the percentage of patients achieving SCC at 2 months (45.4%) compared to those with placebo added (29.6%).x Clinical trial results demonstrated that adverse events were evenly distributed in the delamanid and placebo treatment groups with the exception of QT prolongation. Electrocardiogram QT prolongation was reported in 9.9% of patients receiving delamanid as 100 mg twice daily compared to 3.8% of patients receiving placebo plus OBR. This was not accompanied by any clinical symptoms such as syncope or arrhythmias.xi About TB According to the WHO, tuberculosis is second only to HIV/AIDS as the greatest killer worldwide due to a single infectious agent. In 2013, an estimated 9 million people became sick with TB, and 1.5 million people died from TB or TB-related causes.iii Current treatment regimens require a patient to take several drugs for a lengthy period – up to two years or more for some drug-resistant cases.xi Approximately 480,000 people developed MDR-TB in 2013.iii About Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. Otsuka Pharmaceutical is a global healthcare company with the corporate philosophy: Otsuka-people creating new products for better health worldwide. Otsuka researches, develops, manufactures and markets innovative and original products, with a focus on pharmaceutical products for the treatment of diseases and nutraceutical products for the maintenance of everyday health. Otsuka Pharmaceutical, Japan’s second-largest drug company, is a wholly owned subsidiary of Otsuka Holdings Co., Ltd. The Otsuka Group employs approximately 43,000 people globally and its products are available in more than 80 countries worldwide. For more information about Otsuka visit: .otsuka.co.jp/en/ i World Health Organization (WHO). XDR-TB: Extensively Drug-resistant TB. .who.int/tb/challenges/mdr/xdr/en/ (Accessed June 2015)ii World Health Organization (WHO). Global Tuberculosis Report 2014. apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/137094/1/9789241564809_eng.pdf (Accessed June 2015)iii Reuters. U.S. health officials seek people who may have contacted TB patient. June 10, 2015. in.reuters.com/article/2015/06/09/us-usa-health-tuberculosis-idINKBN0OP1W420150609 (Accessed June 2015).iv Matsumoto M, Hashizume H, Tomishige T, et al. OPC-67683, a Nitro-Dihydro-Imidazooxazole Derivative with Promising Action against Tuberculosis In Vitro and In Mice. PLoS Med. 2006 Nov;3(11):e466.v European Medicines Agency. Deltyba’s European public assessment report (EPAR) summary for the public. EMA/731960/2013 EMEA/H/C/002552 .ema.europa.eu/docs/en_GB/document_library/EPAR_-_Summary_for_the_public/human/002552/WC500166235.pdf (Accessed June 2015)vi Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices Agency (PMDA). New Drugs Approved in June 2014. .pmda.go.jp/files/000197902.pdf (Accessed June 2015).vii Korea Food and Drug Administration (KFDA). ezdrug.mfds.go.kr/kfda2 (Accessed July 2015.)viii World Health Organization (WHO). Interim guidance on the use of delamanid in the treatment of MDR-TB. October 2014. .who.int/tb/features_archive/delamanid/en/ (Accessed June 2015)ix World Health Organization (WHO). Executive Summary: The Selection and Use of Essential Medicines (2015). Report of the 20th WHO Expert Committee on the Selection and Use of Essential Medicines. 20-24 April 2015. .who.int/medicines/publications/essentialmedicines/Executive-Summary_EML-2015_7-May-15.pdf (Accessed June 2015)x Gler MT, Skripconoka V, Sanchez-Garavito E, et al. Delamanid for multidrug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis. N Engl J Med. 2012;366:2151-60xi World Health Organization (WHO). Shorter treatment regimens for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis. May 2013. .who.int/tb/publications/Short_TB_regimens.pdf (Accessed June 2015).

Global Myeloid Metaplasia Pipeline Insights 2015

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Moderate Pain - 2015 Pipeline Insights

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Deaf mice able to hear again thanks to gene therapy

A new study has successfully restored hearing in mice that have a genetic form of deafness by utilizing gene therapy. Buy Depakote (Divalproex) without prescription Hearing in deaf mice was successfully restored using gene therapy. Published in the journal, Science Translational Medicine, the study was a collaboration between Harvard Medical School, Boston Children s Hospital and the Ecole Polytechnique Federale in Switzerland. Rogaine (Minoxidil) with free Rx The new findings may pave the way for gene therapy to be used on humans who suffer a genetic form of deafness. Buy Alesse (Levonorgestrel / Ethinyl estradiol) According to the World Health Organization (WHO) an estimated 360 million people have a form of disabled hearing loss, and more than 70 different genes are known to cause deafness when affected. Buy D-amp Prof. About Amoxil (Amoxicillin) without Rx Jeffrey Holt of the Department of Otolaryngology, F.M. Buy Psyllium Husk online Neurobiology Centre at Boston and Harvard Medical School, worked with first-time author Charles Askew. http://allergy-opinion.blogspot.com TMC1 was chosen as the specific gene to focus the study s efforts on because it is a common cause of genetic deafness, accounting for 4-8% of all cases. The gene encodes a protein that plays a central part in hearing by helping to convert sound into electrical signals. Two types of mice were tested, one had the TMC1 gene deleted - a good model for humans with TMC1 mutations, as children who have two TMC1 mutations often undergo hearing loss at a very young age. The other mice carried a specific TMC1 gene mutation, known as Beethoven, which serves as a good model for TMC1 related deafness, where deafness occurs gradually between the ages of 10-15 years of age. To deliver the healthy gene, scientists created an adeno-associated viral 1 (AAV1) together with a promoter, which serves as a genetic sequence that turns the gene on only in certain sensory cells of the inner ear known as hair cells. Researchers screened several AAV1 serotypes and promoters to seek an efficient combination. They discovered one such combination was successful in restoring sensory transduction, auditory brainstem responses and acoustic startle reflexes in otherwise deaf mice. The results proved to be outstanding. Scientists restored the ability of sensory hair cells to respond to sound enabling those mice carry the Beethoven gene to hear again. Hearing was tested by placing the mice in a "startle box" to measure their reactions. Prof. Holt explains: "Mice with TMC1 mutation will just sit there, but with gene therapy, they jump as high as normal mice." Mice that carried the TMC1 gene deleted also showed promise, with some hearing partially restored. A defining moment The study was funded by the Bertarelli Foundation, and co-chair, Ernesto Bertarelli, described the result as a defining moment. He says: "These findings mark a defining moment in the way we understand, and can ultimately challenge, the burden of deafness in humans. The results are a testament to the immense dedication of the research team and their commitment to bringing best-in-class science ever closer to the real world application." The findings echo a study several years ago, in which researchers used a small genetic patch to successfully restore hearing in deaf mice with Usher syndrome. AAV1 is already used in human gene therapy trials for blindness, heart disease, muscular dystrophy and other conditions. Holt believes these findings will pave the way for gene therapy to be used on humans in the "not too distant future." He says: "I can envision patients with deafness having their genome sequenced and a tailored, precision medicine treatment injected into their ears to restore hearing. This is a great example of how the basic science can lead to clinical therapies." Written by Peter Lam

Does cigarette smoking contribute to schizophrenia?

A meta-analysis published in the journal Lancet Psychiatry reports that people who smoke are more than three times more likely to suffer from psychosis, compared with nonsmokers. Researchers previously thought people with psychosis are more likely to smoke because they may find that smoking counteracts side effects from schizophrenia medication. Previous studies have reported a link between smoking cigarettes and psychosis. Compazine (Prochlorperazine) without prescription However, few studies investigated cigarettes as a direct driver of this association. Stalevo (Carbidopa Levodopa Entacapone) without Rx Instead, researchers had hypothesized that people with psychosis are more likely to smoke because they may find that smoking counteracts side effects from schizophrenia medication or negative schizophrenia symptoms. One problem with this hypothesis, however, is that rates of smoking would only increase after someone has developed psychosis for this to be the case. The new meta-analysis, conducted by researchers at King s College London in the UK, assessed evidence from 61 observational studies, which involved 15,000 tobacco users and 273,000 nonusers overall. The analysis shows that 57% of people presenting with a first episode of psychosis were smokers - this means they were three times more likely to be smokers than healthy, nonsmoking study participants. Daily smokers were also found to develop psychotic illness around 1 year earlier on average than nonsmokers. These findings shed doubt on the theory that an association between smoking and psychosis exists because people with psychosis use cigarettes to self-medicate, claim the authors. "While it is always hard to determine the direction of causality," says Dr. Menosan () James MacCabe, clinical senior lecturer in Psychosis Studies at the King s Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience (IoPPN), "our findings indicate that smoking should be taken seriously as a possible risk factor for developing psychosis, and not dismissed simply as a consequence of the illness." Because very few of the studies in the meta-analysis took into account consumption of substances other than tobacco, it was difficult for the King s team to rule out other factors that may contribute to the association between smoking and psychosis. Nicotine, psychosis and dopamine The researchers do, however, propose another hypothesis that could explain the association. About Cyclo-progynova without Rx Sir Robin Murray, professor of Psychiatric Research at the IoPPN, points to the brain s dopamine system: "Excess dopamine is the best biological explanation we have for psychotic illnesses such as schizophrenia. About Asacol (Mesalamine) with no prescription It is possible that nicotine exposure, by increasing the release of dopamine, causes psychosis to develop." "Longer-term studies are required to investigate the relationship between daily smoking, sporadic smoking, nicotine dependence and the development of psychotic disorders," says IoPPN research fellow Dr. Buy Policosinol online Sameer Jauhar. "In view of the clear benefits of smoking cessation programs in this population every effort should be made to implement change in smoking habits in this group of patients." A 2014 study conducted by researchers from the Washington University School of Medicine in St. http://asthmareview.wordpress.com Louis, MO, found that people with severe mental illness such as schizophrenia or bipolar disorder have a higher risk for substance abuse - especially cigarette smoking. In that study, people with severe mental illness were: 4 times more likely to be heavy alcohol users (four or more drinks per day) 3.5 times more likely to use marijuana regularly (21 times per year) 4.6 times more likely to use other drugs at least 10 times in their lives 5.1 times more likely to be daily smokers. Written by David McNamee

Graphene coating on catheters may improve chemo effectiveness

Chemotherapy is a type of cancer treatment that uses powerful chemicals to destroy cancer cells. Avalide (Irbesartan Hydrochlorothiazide) without Rx It is usually delivered directly into the patient s veins using a catheter. Viagra Strips (Sildenafil Citrate) without Rx To prevent bacterial infection, the catheter, and the equipment it is attached to, is usually coated with silver. The researchers used X-ray photoemission spectroscopy to look at how chemotherapy drugs react with silver.Image credit: Per Henning/NTNU Now, a study led by the Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) in Trondheim, shows that the antibacterial silver coating used on catheters degrades some chemotherapy drugs and that this could potentially reduce their effectiveness. The researchers report their findings in the journal 2D Materials. Senior author Justin Wells, an associate professor of physics at NTNU, says: "We wanted to find potential problem sources in the tubes used in intravenous catheters. Theo-24 Cr (Theophylline ) without Rx An interaction between the coating and the drugs was one possibility. Buy Colchicum Chemotherapy drugs are active substances, so it isn t hard to imagine that the medicine could react with the silver." Silver decomposes chemo drugs For their investigation, Prof. Buy Celebrex (Celecoxib) with free prescription Wells and colleagues focused on 5-Fluorouracil (5FU), one of the most commonly used chemotherapy drugs. Buy Natural Skin Care Products online For instance, 5FU is used to treat cancers of the head and neck, bowel, breast, stomach, ovaries and esopaghus. The researchers used X-ray photoemission spectroscopy (XPS) to look at how the drug reacts with the type of silver used to coat catheters and other medical devices. Prof. http://medicalhelper.wordpress.com Wells explains that as far as they know, reactions between chemotherapy drugs and the substances they come into contact with have never been studied like this before. The assumption is they always enter the body fully intact. The XPS machine he and his colleagues used is located at the synchrotron lab MAX IV at Lund University in Sweden. There, they demonstrated that the antibacterial silver coating catalytically decomposes 5FU. In their paper, the researchers note that not only does the reaction impair the effectiveness of the chemotherapy drug, but it also releases hydrogen fluoride, a gas that could potentially harm the patient and damage the medical equipment. The team then switched their attention to graphene - a nanomaterial made of extremely thin flakes of carbon that are only one atom thick. Again, they used the XPS machine to look at how the material reacted with 5FU. Graphene might be a more suitable material for coating catheters They decided to investigate graphene because they expected it to be chemically inert. They also note that while it has been suggested as a coating for medical equipment, its potential use as a coating material in chemotherapy drug delivery systems "appears to have been entirely overlooked." Prof. Wells explains: "Graphene is a nonreactive substance, and is sometimes referred to as a magical material that can solve any problem. So we thought that it might be a good combination with the chemotherapy drugs." Their hunch proved to be correct - 5FU did not react with the graphene. The team believes it should be possible to coat catheters and similar medical devices with very thin layers of graphene. Prof. Wells concludes that they hope their work will help make cancer treatment more effective. The team would now like to study the reactions of chemotherapy drugs to other substances and coatings used on medical devices. In February 2015, Medical News Today learned that graphene may itself have anticancer potential. Writing in the journal Oncotarget, a team from the University of Manchester in the UK describes how graphene oxide can selectively target cancer stem cells and disrupt signals on their membranes. Written by Catharine Paddock PhD

Many women - especially smokers - drink alcohol while pregnant

. Buy Moisturizing Soap online Buy Amaryl (Glimepiride) While medical guidelines recommend complete abstinence, a large survey of women in the UK, Ireland, Australia and New Zealand finds drinking alcohol during pregnancy to be a prevalent practice. Smokers were 17% more likely to drink during pregnancy. The study in the online journal BMJ Open found the following ranges of proportions in alcohol use during pregnancy: 20-80% in Ireland and 40% upwards in the UK, Australia and New Zealand. http://medical-reviews.blogspot.com About Clonidine with free prescription Amoxil (Amoxicillin) with no Rx There were also high levels of binge drinking during pregnancy - over 45% in the Irish center of one of the cohorts. The prevalence was consistent across social groups. Buy Cialis Soft (Tadalafil) with free Rx Xeloda (Capecitabine) with no prescription However, women who smoked were found to be 17% more likely to drink during pregnancy. A higher level of education, having other children, and being overweight or obese were, on the other hand, slightly predictive of a lower risk of drinking while pregnant. The researchers made an analysis of data from three studies: The Growing up in Ireland (GUI) study, the Screening for Pregnancy Endpoints (SCOPE) study and the Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System (PRAMS). A total of 17,244 women who had delivered live babies in the UK, Ireland, Australia and New Zealand were included in the analysis of the amounts and type of alcohol drunk before and during the gestation period. The highest rates of drinking were in Ireland - with 90% drinking before pregnancy and 82% during gestation. Ireland also had high rates of binge drinking - 59% before and 45% during pregnancy, based on estimates from the SCOPE study, although the researchers caution that lower rates were also found in some cohorts. Measures of the amount of alcohol drunk ranged between 15% and 70% of the women saying that they had drunk 1-2 units a week during the first 3 months of their pregnancy. Between the first and second trimester, however, the number of units drank dropped substantially in all countries, as did binge drinking levels. A public health priority The authors of the study issue a note of warning: "Although low proportions of women engaged in heavy drinking, the adverse consequences of heavy alcohol consumption during pregnancy on birth outcomes, long-term gross motor function, and social, cognitive, emotional and behavioural outcomes in offspring make heavy gestational alcohol consumption a high public health priority." Most medical and government guidelines advise women to stop drinking during pregnancy, although the authors do note some evidence that 1-2 units up to twice a week is not harmful to the unborn baby. Other findings of the study were that, compared with white women, those of other ethnicities were less likely to drink alcohol while pregnant. Younger women were also less likely to drink while carrying an unborn baby than older women. The researchers point out that poor evidence on the effects of gestational alcohol consumption and a subsequent lack of coherence in clinical and government guidelines "stem from a lack of biological markers of light or moderate alcohol use during pregnancy." Instead, associations with health outcomes rely on self-reported maternal alcohol consumption, which may be biased. Written by Markus MacGill

Can playing Tetris reduce intrusive memories?

For individuals with post-traumatic stress disorder, unwanted visual memories are a common symptom. About Levitra Oral Jelly (Vardenafil) with free Rx But a new study suggests that playing computer games 24 hours after a traumatic event may reduce the occurrence of such memories. Reactivating the emotional memories of participants prior to them playing a computer game reduced occurrence of related unwanted memories in the following week. It is estimated that around 7-8% of the US population will experience post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) at some point in their lives, with women more likely to develop the condition than men. PTSD is triggered by exposure to a traumatic event. Antivert (Meclizine) with no Rx Symptoms include feeling tense, sleep problems, feelings of guilt or depression and frightening thoughts. Etodolac (Etodolac) without Rx One of the most common symptoms is repeated visual memories of the event that triggered the disorder. People with PTSD often remember moments of their terrifying ordeal in vivid detail and feel as if they are reliving the event over and over, which can severely impact day-to-day life. Psychotherapy is one of the primary treatments for PTSD. About Ciclopirox with free Rx This may include cognitive restructuring, which involves helping people make sense of their bad memories in an attempt to help them cope. Doxycycline (Doxycycline) without prescription But according to the study researchers, strategies to prevent such memories are limited. "Currently, there are recommended treatments for PTSD once it has become established, that is, at least 1 month after the traumatic event, but we lack preventative treatments that can be given earlier," explains senior study author Emily Holmes, of the Medical Research Council Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit in the UK. Past studies have indicated that people who played the computer game Tetris within 4 hours of watching video footage of traumatic events were less likely to have fewer unwanted memories of those events. However, Holmes and colleagues note that it is unrealistic to expect people who are involved in a traumatic event to play a computer game in the 4 hours following. Buy Liquid Minerals online But could doing so within 24 hours help reduce occurrence of unwanted memories? Combination of memory reactivation and Tetris reduced intrusive memories To test whether this might be the case, the researchers conducted two experiments that investigated the theory of memory reconsolidation - the idea that long-term memories can be recalled and modified. The idea was to reactivate old emotional memories of participants and see whether the reoccurrence of these memories could be reduced by computer game play. In the first experiment, the researchers induced intrusive memories in 52 participants by showing them a 12-minute film of traumatic events, such as a man drowning at sea or a young girl being hit by a car. Twenty-four hours after watching the film, half of the participants were shown stills from it as a way of reactivating their memories. http://webmdhelper.wordpress.com They then took part in a 10-minute filler task - allowing time for memory reconsolidation to begin - followed by 12 minutes of playing Tetris. The other half of the participants acted as controls, only taking part in the filler task before sitting quietly for 12 minutes. Over the next week, all participants were required to keep a diary of any intrusive memories that occurred - defined as "scenes of the film that appeared spontaneously and unbidden in their mind." The team s findings - published in the journal Psychological Science - revealed that the participants whose memories were reactivated before playing Tetris experienced fewer intrusive memories from the film than the control group. This finding was confirmed in the second experiment, in which four groups of participants performed the same tasks. In this experiment, however, the team also tested whether memory reactivation alone or Tetris alone could reduce occurrence of intrusive memories. They found it was only the use of memory reactivation and Tetris combined that led to fewer intrusive memories. Commenting on their results, study co-author Ella James, also of the Medical Research Council Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, says: "Our findings suggest that, although people may wish to forget traumatic memories, they may benefit from bringing them back to mind, at least under certain conditions - those which render them less intrusive." Holmes notes that their research is in its early stages and further studies are required, but she says they hope to develop their approach, with the aim of creating a potential strategy to reduce intrusive memories for people with PTSD and other trauma-related conditions. "Better treatments are much needed in mental health," she adds. "We believe the time is ripe to use basic science about mechanisms - such as research on memory reconsolidation - to inform the development of improved and innovative psychological treatment techniques." In August 2014, Medical News Today reported on a study suggesting the way a person s memory is processed may influence their risk of developing PTSD. Published in the journal Clinical Psychological Science, the study suggests people who recall higher numbers of external details related to the traumatic event - such as editorial statements - may be at higher risk for PTSD. Written by Honor Whiteman

Number of fireworks-related injuries still remains high

Thousands of Americans will be preparing to launch fireworks into the sky this weekend to celebrate the nation s birthday on the Fourth of July. About Cialis Daily (Tadalafil) without Rx However, a new report shows that firework-related injury rates remain high, with eye injuries having more than doubled in the past 3 years. The report estimates that there were 10,500 firework-related injuries last year. Avapro (Irbesartan) In contrast, there were an estimated firework-related 8,700 injuries in 2012. The report found that a total of 1,300 eye injuries were treated in emergency rooms last year; around 100 more than 2013 and more than double the 600 reported in 2012. It appears that many people may not fully understand the dangers of fireworks. Buy Reminyl (Galantamine) with free prescription According to the American Academy of Ophthalmology (AAO) in San Francisco, only 10% of adults in the US wear eye protection when using fireworks. Cetane without Rx In contrast, three times this number wear eye protection when participating in other activities such as house cleaning or home repair. Wearing adequate eye protection can prevent many different kinds of firework-related injuries, including burns to the eye and eyelids, abrasions, retinal detachment and eyeball rupturing. About Endep (Amitriptyline) without prescription These accidents all have the potential to lead to blindness. Around 19% of firework-related injuries were to the eyes. Buy Kidney Stones online In comparison, 36% of injuries affected hands or fingers and another 19% affected the head, face or ears. The 2014 Fireworks Annual Report published by the US Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) is an analysis of data on nonoccupational fireworks-related deaths and injuries over the course of last year. It demonstrates precisely how dangerous fireworks can be, documenting a total of 11 nonoccupational fireworks-related deaths that occurred during 2014. http://medical-questions-answers.blogspot.com Many of the deaths were related to firework users not being a safe distance from exploding fireworks, with some the result of firework accidents leading to house fires. The CPSC state reporting of these deaths is incomplete and this figure should be taken as a minimum. No consumer fireworks should ever be considered safe In terms of injuries, a telephone investigation conducted by the CPSC found that around 55% of fireworks-related injuries could be caused by misuse, such as holding lit fireworks and standing too close to fireworks after they have been lit. In comparison, 26% of injuries were attributed to firework malfunctions such as errant flight paths and 13% to firework debris. Certain types of fireworks were also found to be more dangerous than others. The report reveals that an estimated 20% of firework-related injuries were caused by firecrackers and 19% were estimated to be caused by sparklers. The cause of 31% of injuries was unspecified. Despite sparklers appearing much safer than other larger, more impressive fireworks, these figures illustrate just how dangerous they can be. Sparklers can reach temperatures as high as 2,000 degrees - equivalent to a blow torch. Medical attention should be sought immediately in the event of a firework-related injury. For most injuries, it is advised that the burning process is stopped with clean, cool water and the injury is wrapped with a clean, dry towel. Eye injuries should be dealt with differently, however. The AAO state that people who receive an eye injury should resist the urge to rub, rinse or apply pressure to the eyes, or attempt to remove any objects that may be lodged there. "Each year we see many people, especially children and teens, injured around the Fourth of July celebrations. Many of the injuries involve an amputation of a limb or loss of vision," says Dr. Jenny Ziembicki, of the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC). "It should be remembered that no consumer fireworks should ever be considered safe and that all fireworks should be left to the hands of trained professionals." Last year, Medical News Today ran a Spotlight feature on firework-related injuries after a 30% increase had been reported from the previous year, investigating whether relaxed laws were to blame. Written by James McIntosh

ADDING MULTIMEDIA FDA Approves ORKAMBI™ (lumacaftor/ivacaftor) - the First Medicine to Treat the Underlying Cause of Cystic Fibrosis for People Ages 12 and Older with Two Copies of the F508del Mutation

BOSTON--(BUSINESS WIRE)--Vertex Pharmaceuticals Incorporated (Nasdaq: VRTX) today announced that the U.S. Urispas (Flavoxate) with no Rx Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved ORKAMBI™ (lumacaftor/ivacaftor), the first medicine to treat the underlying cause of cystic fibrosis (CF) in people ages 12 and older with two copies of the F508del mutation. Cleocin (Clindamycin) with no Rx It is only indicated for these patients, who can be identified with a genetic test. Cystic fibrosis is a rare, life-threatening genetic disease. Buy Green Coffee () with no prescription People with two copies of the F508del mutation represent the largest group of people with CF. Carbatrol with no prescription Of the 30,000 people in the United States with CF, approximately 8,500 ages 12 and older have two copies of the F508del mutation. Buy Herbal Extra Power () without prescription ORKAMBI will be available for shipment to specialty pharmacies in the United States within days. “Today is a remarkable day for science, medicine and the CF community,” said Jeffrey Leiden, M.D., Ph.D., Vertex’s Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer. Buy Hairspray online “More than 15 years ago, our scientists set out to discover and develop medicines to treat the underlying cause of cystic fibrosis. http://webmdmagazine.wordpress.com Today, the approval of ORKAMBI represents a fundamental change in the treatment of the most common form of CF, marking significant progress for us and for the entire CF community. While we celebrate this important step forward, we also recognize that two out of three patients in the U.S. still do not have a medicine to treat the underlying cause of their disease. We share their urgency and are committed to continuing our significant investment in research and development to discover new medicines for them and to improve upon what we offer patients today.” Vertex will host an investor conference call on Thursday, July 2, at 2:15 p.m. ET. to provide more information on the approval of ORKAMBI. The approval of ORKAMBI was based on data from two Phase 3 studies (TRAFFIC and TRANSPORT) that enrolled more than 1,100 people with CF ages 12 and older with two copies of the F508del mutation. Patients treated with ORKAMBI experienced statistically significant improvements in lung function. Patients also experienced reductions in pulmonary exacerbations and improvements in body mass index (BMI). The most common adverse events included shortness of breath and/or chest tightness, upper respiratory tract infection (common cold) and gastrointestinal symptoms (including nausea, diarrhea, or gas). Vertex continues to invest in CF research and development with the goal of treating the vast majority of people with the disease and enhancing the benefit for those we treat. Multiple Phase 2 and Phase 3 clinical studies are in progress and Vertex has an ongoing research program focused on discovering new CF medicines. “In 1998, Vertex and the CF Foundation embarked on a scientific challenge that many believed would be impossible – to discover medicines that treat the cause of CF,” said Robert J. Beall, Ph.D., President and CEO of the Cystic Fibrosis Foundation. “Today’s approval is a milestone for the CF community. We congratulate Vertex for their success in developing new CF medicines and are pleased with their continuing commitment to help all eligible patients get access to these medicines.” Helping Patients Access ORKAMBI The people who work at Vertex understand that medicines can only help patients who can get them. The Vertex Guidance & Patient Support (Vertex GPS™) program provides a dedicated team of Vertex employees who help eligible patients who have been prescribed our medicines within their labeled indications understand their insurance benefits and the resources that are available to help them. Vertex also offers a co-pay assistance program for patients with commercial insurance coverage and a free medicine program for qualifying patients who are uninsured and who meet certain income and other eligibility criteria. More information is available by visiting .VertexGPS.com or by calling 1-877-752-5933. About CF and ORKAMBI Cystic fibrosis is a rare genetic disease that is caused by defective or missing cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulatory (CFTR) proteins resulting from mutations in the CFTR gene. The defective or missing proteins result in poor flow of salt and water into or out of the cell in a number of organs, including the lungs. In people with two copies of the F508del mutation, the CFTR protein is not processed and trafficked normally within the cell, resulting in little to no CFTR protein at the cell surface. Patients with two copies of the F508del mutation are easily identified by a simple genetic test. ORKAMBI is a combination of lumacaftor, which is designed to increase the amount of mature protein at the cell surface by targeting the processing and trafficking defect of the F508del CFTR protein, and ivacaftor, which is designed to enhance the function of the CFTR protein once it reaches the cell surface. ORKAMBI is taken every 12 hours - once in the morning and once in the evening. INDICATION AND IMPORTANT SAFETY INFORMATION FOR ORKAMBI™ (lumacaftor/ivacaftor) TABLETS ORKAMBI is a combination of lumacaftor and ivacaftor indicated for the treatment of cystic fibrosis (CF) in patients age 12 years and older who are homozygous for the F508del mutation in the CFTR gene. The efficacy and safety of ORKAMBI have not been established in patients with CF other than those homozygous for the F508del mutation. Worsening of liver function, including hepatic encephalopathy, in patients with advanced liver disease has been reported in some patients with CF while receiving ORKAMBI. ORKAMBI should be used with caution in patients with advanced liver disease and only if the benefits are expected to outweigh the risks. If ORKAMBI is used in these patients, the patients should be closely monitored and the dose reduced. Serious adverse reactions related to elevated transaminases have been reported in patients with CF receiving ORKAMBI and, in some instances, associated with concomitant elevations in total serum bilirubin. It is recommended that ALT, AST, and bilirubin be assessed prior to initiating ORKAMBI, every 3 months during the first year of treatment, and annually thereafter. For patients with a history of ALT, AST, or bilirubin elevations, more frequent monitoring should be considered. Patients who develop increased ALT, AST, or bilirubin should be closely monitored until the abnormalities resolve. Dosing should be interrupted in patients with ALT or AST greater than 5x upper limit of normal (ULN) when not associated with elevated bilirubin. Dosing should also be interrupted in patients with ALT or AST elevations greater than 3x ULN when associated with bilirubin elevations greater than 2x ULN. Following resolution of transaminase elevations, consider the benefits and risks of resuming dosing. Respiratory events (e.g., chest discomfort, shortness of breath, and chest tightness) were observed more commonly in patients during initiation of ORKAMBI compared to those who received placebo. Clinical experience in patients with percent predicted FEV1 <40 is limited, and additional monitoring of these patients is recommended during initiation of therapy. Co-administration of ORKAMBI with sensitive CYP3A substrates or CYP3A substrates with a narrow therapeutic index is not recommended as ORKAMBI may reduce their effectiveness. ORKAMBI may substantially decrease hormonal contraceptive exposure, reducing their effectiveness and increasing the incidence of menstruation-associated adverse reactions. Hormonal contraceptives, including oral, injectable, transdermal, and implantable, should not be relied upon as an effective method of contraception when co-administered with ORKAMBI. Co-administration with strong CYP3A inducers (e.g. rifampin, rifabutin, phenobarbital, carbamazepine, phenytoin and St. John’s wort) is not recommended as they may reduce the therapeutic effectiveness of ORKAMBI. ORKAMBI has the potential to affect other drugs. For additional information regarding drug interactions, see full Prescribing Information. Abnormalities of the eye lens (cataracts) have been reported in pediatric patients treated with ivacaftor, a component of ORKAMBI. Baseline and follow-up ophthalmological examinations are recommended in pediatric patients initiating treatment with ORKAMBI. Serious adverse reactions that occurred more frequently in patients treated with ORKAMBI included pneumonia, blood in sputum, cough, increased muscle enzyme levels, and liver enzyme elevations. The most common adverse reactions associated with ORKAMBI include shortness of breath, sore throat, nausea, diarrhea, upper respiratory tract infection, fatigue, chest tightness, increased blood creatinine phosphokinase, rash, flatulence, runny nose, and influenza. Please see full prescribing information for ORKAMBI available at .ORKAMBI.com. Global Regulatory Submissions for ORKAMBI Outside of the U.S., Vertex has submitted ORKAMBI for regulatory approval in the European Union, Australia and Canada. A decision by the European Medicines Agency (EMA) is anticipated by the end of 2015. Reviews by Health Canada and Australia’s Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA) are also ongoing. Investor Conference Call Vertex will host an investor conference call and webcast on Thursday, July 2, at 2:15 p.m. ET. To listen to the live call on the telephone dial (866) 501-1537 (United States and Canada) or (720) 545-0001 (International). The conference ID number for the live call and replay is 76077705. In addition, the conference call will be webcast live, and a link to the webcast may be accessed through Vertex s website at .vrtx.com in the “Investors" section under the "Events & Presentations" page. The call will be available for replay via telephone and webcast. The replay phone number in the United States and Canada is (855) 859-2056. The international replay number is (404) 537-3406. The archived webcast will be available at .vrtx.com. About Cystic Fibrosis Cystic fibrosis is a rare, life-threatening genetic disease affecting approximately 75,000 people in North America, Europe and Australia. CF is caused by a defective or missing CFTR protein resulting from mutations in the CFTR gene. Children must inherit two defective CFTR genes — one from each parent — to have CF. There are approximately 2,000 known mutations in the CFTR gene. Some of these mutations, which can be determined by a genetic test, lead to CF by creating defective or too few CFTR proteins at the cell surface. The defective or missing CFTR protein results in poor flow of salt and water into or out of the cell in a number of organs, including the lungs. This leads to the buildup of abnormally thick, sticky mucus that can cause chronic lung infections and progressive lung damage in many patients that eventually leads to death. The median predicted age of survival for a person with CF is 41 years, but the median age of death is 27 years. Collaborative History with Cystic Fibrosis Foundation Therapeutics, Inc. (CFFT) Vertex initiated its CF research program in 1998 as part of a collaboration with CFFT, the nonprofit drug discovery and development affiliate of the Cystic Fibrosis Foundation. Both of our approved CF medicines were discovered by Vertex as part of this collaboration. About Vertex Vertex is a global biotechnology company that aims to discover, develop and commercialize innovative medicines so people with serious diseases can lead better lives. In addition to our clinical development programs focused on cystic fibrosis, Vertex has more than a dozen ongoing research programs aimed at other serious and life-threatening diseases. Founded in 1989 in Cambridge, Mass., Vertex today has research and development sites and commercial offices in the United States, Europe, Canada and Australia. For five years in a row, Science magazine has named Vertex one of its Top Employers in the life sciences. For additional information and the latest updates from the company, please visit .vrtx.com. Special Note Regarding Forward-looking Statements This press release contains forward-looking statements, as defined in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, as amended, including the statements by Dr. Leiden in the third paragraph of this press release and statements regarding (i) the timing of the availability of ORKAMBI for shipment to specialty pharmacies in the United States; (ii) Vertex’s commitment to continuing its significant investment in research and development programs in cystic fibrosis; and (iii) the anticipated timing of the completion of regulatory reviews in international markets. While the company believes the forward-looking statements contained in this press release are accurate, there are a number of factors that could cause actual events or results to differ materially from those indicated by such forward-looking statements. Those risks and uncertainties include, among other things, risks related to commercializing ORKAMBI in the United States, obtaining approval and commercializing ORKAMBI in international markets, developing additional medicines to treat cystic fibrosis and the other risks listed under Risk Factors in Vertex s annual report and quarterly reports filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission and available through Vertex s website at .vrtx.com. Vertex disclaims any obligation to update the information contained in this press release as new information becomes available. (VRTX-GEN) © 2015 Vertex Pharmaceuticals Incorporated I VRX-US-02-01002 I 07/2015